《高二英语不定式的相关定义与易混词组》

　　动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种,它没有人称和数的变化,在句子中不能独立作谓语,但它仍保持动词的特点,既可以有自己的宾语和状语。小编在这整理了相关资料，希望能帮助到您。

　　高二英语语法：不定式的相关定义

　　A.

　　1、不定式的构成 (以动词do为例)

　　主动形式 被动形式

　　一般式 to do to be done

　　完成式 to have done to have been done

　　进行式 to be doing 无

　　完成进行式 to have been doing 无

　　2、不定式的意义

　　不定式的一般式(to do )

　　一般式表示的动作或状态,发生在谓语动词表示的动作或状态的同时或之后

　　My wish is to become a doctor

　　He seemed to be tired.

　　She stopped to have a rest.

　　不定式的被动式 (to be done)

　　当不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者时,不定式一般要用被动式.

　　The building to be finished next month is for our teachers.

　　I am going to Beijing, I have something to take to my parents, do you have something to be taken to your parents?

　　如果谓语表示的动作(情况)发生时, 不定式表示动作正在进行,这时候不定式就要用进行式.(to be doing)

　　They are said to be building another bridge across the street.

　　They seemed to be talking about something important.

　　When I went to his home, he happened to be traveling around the world.

　　I’m glad to be working with you.

　　如果不定式所表示的动作或状态发生在谓语动词所表示动作或状态之前,就用完成式 (to have done) ;若是在此基础上的被动含义,就用完成被动式( to have been done).

　　He is said to have written a novel about the Long March.

　　He thought it a pity not to have invited us.

　　The assistant seemed to have been fired.

　　He is said to have been taught French when he was a child.

　　Einstein is said to have built up his theory when he was in his twenties.

　　如果不定式的动作是在谓语所表示的时间之前一直在进行的动作,就要用完成进行式.

　　They are said to have been collecting folk song in Xinjiang.

　　We’re happy to have been working with the experts all the month.

　　高二英语30组易混词组

　　1. in turn一个接一个地

　　in return 作为回报

　　2. come across 越过某处;被理解;偶然发现,　偶然遇到

　　come into being/existence　出现，开始形成，建立

　　come into use/service 开始使用 (无被动)

　　come out 出来; 出发;出版;名列…;(总数等)达到(+ at/to)

　　come to light 泄露(真相);被发现

　　come true 实现，变成现实

　　come up 升起;走进;种子生长发育;被提出

　　come up with an idea(突然)想出办法

　　3. go all out to do sth 全力以赴去做某事 =try one’ best to…=do what / all one can to…

　　go beyond 超出;超出…的能力 go beyond one’s ability / imagination / control

　　go in for 参与，参与(竞赛等);从事(某项工作);爱好，酷爱

　　go out (火)熄灭，过时了

　　put out the fire(灭火)

　　put off 推迟, 延期( put off the meeting )

　　put down the rebellion(镇压)

　　go with 相配 (同义词match / go along with)

　　4. keep in touch with 与…保持联系(指状态)

　　get in touch with (指动作)

　　keep up your courage 保持勇气，别泄气

　　keep up with 跟上

　　catch up with 赶上

　　5. look down upon / on sb 轻视某人;鄙视某人/某物

　　look on / upon sb./sth. as 把...看作.(近义词组：regard…as; treat…as; consider…as/to be)

　　look over 对…审阅;粗略地看;翻阅

　　look up a word in a dictionary 查阅…

　　look through 透过…看(尤指空隙或透明物体等);(从头到尾)粗略地翻阅

　　look up to sb 尊敬某人

　　look sb. in the eye 盯着

　　6. make oneself at home(如同在家一般)随便些，不必客气

　　make arrangements for 为…做安排

　　make a been line for 取捷径前往

　　make room for 让出地方，腾出空间

　　make the best of 充分利用 ，尽量利用

　　make the most of 尽量利用，善于利用

　　make up for lost time/ground 加紧努力补回失去或落后的时间

　　make oneself heard / understood 使自己被别人听到/听懂理解

　　make good / no sense 有意义/没意义

　　make tea/coffee 泡茶/咖啡

　　make for 有助于，使成为

　　7. put away 放好;收起来;把…放在原位;储藏 放弃

　　put aside放在一边;抛弃;暂时不做;留出(时间),省出(钱)

　　put sth. in order(使)整齐

　　put on weight 增加体重(lose weight减肥，减少体重)

　　put on your clothes 穿衣 take off your clothes 脱衣

　　put an end/stop to 制止，使停止，结束

　　come to an end(某事)结束

　　end up with failure 以失败而告终

　　put up with 和某人住在一起;忍受，忍耐=bear / stand

　　put through 做成，完成;接通电话 使通过考试;使经历(难受的事)

　　8. take sb. by surprise (出人意料地)攻占;撞见

　　take A for B 把A误认为是B

　　take sb./sth. for granted 认为…是必然情况，视为当然

　　take sth. into account/consideration 加以考虑;予以重视

　　take advantage of 利用;占…的便宜

　　take the opportunity of 抓住机会;利用(机会)

　　take charge of 开始负…的责;看管;控制

　　take it easy=don’t be nervous 别紧张，放轻松

　　take your time 别急，慢慢来

　　take the place of 代替

　　stand for 代表

　　take on a new look 呈现新面貌

　　take off 脱下,起飞

　　take on sb 雇用 =employ sb=hire sb

　　take in fresh air=absorb

　　take up 占据(时间,地方);从事

　　take up arms (against) 拿起武器反对…，武装起来与…作对

　　take over 接管,接替

　　9. turn down 拒绝;音量调低 ;向下翻

　　turn out 制造出，生产出，培养出;结局是，结果是;原来是

　　It turns out that 知道是…，结果证明是

　　It is one's turn to do sth 轮到某人做某事

　　turn over a new leaf 重新生活，改过自新

　　turn in sth to sb 上交

　　10. break away from(the Union )脱离(联邦)

　　get rid of bad habit 去掉

　　do away with 废除

　　11. drop in at a place 顺便拜访某地

　　drop in on sb 顺便拜访某人

　　12. feel like doing=would like to do 想要做某事

　　13. have a gift for=be talented at 在...方面有天赋

　　14. in short 简言之

　　in a word 一句话

　　15. let out a cry = cry out 大声哭出来

　　16. It is no wonder that … 难怪...

　　There is no doubt that … 毫无疑问...

　　17. on show 在展出

　　show off 炫耀

　　18. out of order=in a mess / sth / goes wrong in (good) order

　　无序;混乱

　　19. run short of=run out of=use up 用尽...

　　20. run for 竞选

　　call for 需要

　　send for a doctor=ask sb to go to fetch a doctor 派人把医生请来

　　apply for the position 申请

　　run into sb=(suddenly) see sb 撞上/碰到某人

　　21. cut down the price 削减价格

　　cut off electricity 切断电源

　　22. call off a meeting 取消会议

　　see sb off at the airport 去机场给某人送行

　　set off for the first destination 出发去第一个目的地

　　23. break in 打断/插入

　　be engaged in 从事

　　24. reply to sb=answer sb 回答/答复某人

　　stick to sth / to doing sth 坚持

　　see to sb=take care of sb 照料某人

　　take to 开始, 喜欢, 沉溺于, 走向, 照料, 求助于, 适应

　　get down to some solid work 认真开始…

　　object to sth/ doing 反对

　　25. tear up a letter 撕…

　　keep up one’s courage 保持…

　　bring up a child 抚养…

　　break up a family 拆散…

　　stay up late at night 熬夜到很晚

　　26. in charge of 负责

　　in the charge of 被...负责

　　27. add up to 总计

　　add to=increase 增加/添加

　　28. all at once=all of a sudden=suddenly 突然地

　　29. give out 散发,分发,用完

　　give away 背弃，泄露，赠送

　　30. What do you think of your new job?=How do you like your new job?=How do you find your new job? 你认为你的新工作怎么样?

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