《高二英语复习单元与章节的知识点归纳》

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高二英语复习单元与章节的知识点归纳1

1、形容词的定义：形容词简称adv. 形容词简称adv.修饰v. adj.，其他adv.或全句的词，v.，adv.或全句的词修饰v.，adj.，其他adv.或全句的词，表示时间，地点，程度，方式等。表示时间，地

点，程度，方式等。

2、复合形容词的构成

(1)形容词+ 名词+ ed kind-hearted 好心的，white-haired 白发的

(2)形容词+ 形容词red-hot 炽热的，dark-blue 深蓝的

(3)形容词+ 现在分词good-looking 好看的，easy-going 随和的

(4)副词+ 现在分词hard-working 勤劳的，fast-moving 快速转动的

(5)副词+ 过去分词hard-won 得来不易的，newly-made 新建的

(6)名词+ 形容词life-long 终生的，world-famous 世界闻名的

(7)名词+ 现在分词peace-loving爱好和平的，fun-loving 爱开玩笑的

(8)名词+ 过去分词snow-covered 白雪覆盖的，hand-made 手工的

(9)数词+ 名词+ ed four-storeyed 4 层楼的，three-legged 3 条腿的

(10)数词+ 名词(名词用单数)ten-year 10 年的，two-man 两人的

高二英语语法知识点篇四 　　什么是副词?

指出句中的副词：

1. You are standing near the camera.. Can you move a little farther? a little修饰副词“farther”表示程度 farther修饰动词“move”表示方式

2. Miss Long usually goes to school by bus. usually修饰动词goes，表示频度、频率

3. The two old passengers fell into the sea. Unfortunately, neither of them could swim. Unfortunately修饰整个句子

4. I won’t go with you. It’s much too hot today. much too修饰形容词，表示程度修饰形容词hot，修饰形容词

高二英语复习单元与章节的知识点归纳2

一、过去分词

过去分词兼有动词、副词和形容词的特征，可以带宾语或受状语修饰。过去分词和宾语或状语一起构成过去分词短语。它在句中可以作定语、表语、宾语补足语或状语。这节课讲解作定语、表语的用法。

1. 作定语

作定语的过去分词如果是单词，一般放在被修饰词的前面;过去分词短语作定语，一般放在被修饰词的后面。例如：

There are many fallen leaves on the ground.

This is a book written by a worker.

2. 作表语

过去分词作表语,多表示主语所处的状态。

I was pleased at the news.

The door remained locked.

过去分词作表语，相当于形容词，常见的有：delighted, disappointed, astonished, interested, satisfied, surprised, tired, worried, excited, married 等。

过去分词作表语时，应注意与被动结构的区别。系表结构说明主语的状态或具有的性质、特点;被动结构强调谓语动作。

The small village is surrounded by trees.(状态)

The small village was soon surrounded by enemy soldiers.(动作)

I'm interested in chess.(状态)

3. 过去分词做状语

①表时间，相当于一个时间状语从句，有时过去分词前可加连词 when 或 while 来强调时间概念。

Seen from the top of the hill, the city looked like a big garden.

Accepted by the Party, he decided to devote his life to the cause of the Party.

②表原因，相当于一个原因状语从句。

Exhausted, the children fell asleep at once.

Encouraged by the speech, the young people made up their minds to take up the struggle.

③表条件，相当于一个条件状语从句，有时过去分词前可用 if 等词

Heated, water changes into steam.

Given another chance, he will do better.

④表让步，相当于一个though/although引导的让步状语从句。

Laughed at by many people, he continued his study.

⑤表伴随，说明动作发生的背景或情况。

Surrounded by a group of pupils, the old teacher walked into the classroom.

The trainer appeared, followed by five little dogs.

倒装句：

一、here, there, now, then, thus 等副词置于句首, 谓语动词常用 be, come, go, lie, run。

There goes the bell. 铃声响了。

Then came the chairman. _来了。

Here is your letter. 你的信。

二、否定词置于句首，句子应进行倒装。 neither 放句首

Tod can't swim, neither can I. 托德不会游泳，我也不会。

用于 never, hardly, seldom, scarcely, barely, little, often, at no time, not only, not once, many a time 等词开头的句子。

Never shall I go there again. 我再也不去那了。

Little did he know who the woman was.他基本上不知道那女人是谁。

Seldom was he late for class.他很少上学迟到。

用于 no sooner ... than ..., hardly... when... 和 not until... 的句型中

Hardly had I reached the station when the train left. 我刚到车站,火车就离开了。

No sooner had she gone out than the phone rang. 她刚离开,电话就响了。

Not until the teacher came did he finish his homework. 直到老师来，他才完成作业。

三、用于 only 放句首，修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句的句子。

Only in this way can you master English well. 只有这种方法，你才能学好英语。

Only that time did he do his homework. 直到哪个时间，他才做作业。

Only when he told me did I realize what trouble I was in.

省略句：

一、省略的目的

省略多见于非正式文体，尤其在对话中，省略是一种普遍的现象。英语中的省略一般说来有三个目的：

1.避免重复，减少累赘。省略的主要目的是避免重复，去掉不必要的累赘和繁琐。

Mike said that he would come to school to see me the next day, but he didn't come to school to see me the next day.

Mike said that he would come to school to see me the next day, but he didn't.

(省掉最后九个词，句子简洁了许多)

2.连接紧密，结构紧凑 省略也是使上下文紧密连接的一种修辞手段。

John was the winner in 1994 and Bob in 1998.(Bob 后省略了 was the winner，句子结构显得比较紧凑)

3.强调重点，突出信息 省略的另一作用是突出新的信息

Truth speaks too low, hypocrisy too loud.后一分句省略谓语 speaks，突出了 too loud)

二、句子成分的省略

为了避免重复，或者为了使某一内容引人注目，可以省略某些句子成分而保持句子原意不变。

1.省略主语

Beg your pardon.请你原谅。(= I beg your pardon.))

Serves you right. 你活该(= It serves you right.)

2.省略谓语

Anything the matter? 要紧吗?(= Is anything the matter?)

The river was deep and the ice thin. 河很深，冰很薄。

(= The river was deep and the ice was thin.)

3.省略表语

Are you ready? Yes,I am.(am 后面省略了表语 ready)

4.省略宾语

We have to analyze and solve problems. (analyze 后省略了宾语 problems)

Let's do the dishes. I'll wash and you'll dry.(wash 和 dry 后面省略了宾语 dishes)

5.省略定语

He spent part of the money, and the rest he saved.(the rest 后面省略了定语 of the money)

6.省略状语

(Even)The wisest man cannot know everything.

省略在句子中的应用

在一个句子中，省略可分为依赖上下文省略和不依赖上下文省略两种。前者省略的部分可在句子中找到，但后者可能找不到。

1.简单句中的省略

依赖上下文的省略在对话中最为常用。

Like more beer?(= Would you like more beer?)

—World you mind if I used your telephone?

—Not at all. 一点也不。

(= I do not mind at all.)

—Will he pass this examination?

Probably. 大概会的。(= He will probably pass the examination.)

不依赖于上下文的省略。

All aboard! 请上船(= All go aboard.省略谓语)

Haven't seen you for ages!(省略主语 I)

What about having a game of chess?

Sounds like a good idea.

2.并列句中的省略

(=It sounds like a good idea. 省略主语)

Everybody appears well prepared.

(= Everybady appears to be well prepared. 省略不定式 to be)

并列句中如果前后分句有相同的部分，常常可以省略掉，以避免重复。通常被省略的可以是主语、谓语、宾语或其他万分，或句子万分的一部分。

省略出现在后一分句

John likes collecting stamps but (John) hates listening to music.(省略主语)

省略出现在前一分句

We can (win tomorrow's match), and certainly will,win tomorrow's match.

我们能够，而且一定会在明天的比赛中获胜。(前一分句省略谓语 + 宾语)

前后两个分句都出现省略

They can (pay the full fee ) and (they)should pay the full fee.

复合句中的省略

在主从复合句中，活力的现象是很普遍的。

省略主句的句首部分。(I'm)Sorry I couldn't go.

省略整个主句或主句的一部分(回答问题时常用)。

(It is a)Pity he's failed.

If he says he'll come, he will(come).

3.在一些状语从句中，如果谓语动词是 be，主语又和主句的主语一致，或者主语是 it，常常可以把从句中的主语和 be 省略掉。

以 when, while, once, until 等连词引导的时间状语从句。

When (you are) in Rome do as Rome does.入国问禁，入乡随俗。

4.在比较从句中通常把和主句重复的部分省掉。

省略谓语的全部

James enjoys the theeartre more than Susun.

Tom has as many books as Jack.

省略主语和谓语的一部分

Brown speaks French as fluently as English. (as 后省略了 he speaks)省略表语部分

Mrs White is not so young as she looks.(looks 后省略了 young)

省略主语和谓语的大部分，保留状语

He is working harder than before.(than 后省略了 he worked hard)

省略主语

He drank a little more than was good for him.(than 后省略了 it)省略宾语

You spent more money than I had expected.(expected 后省略了that you should spend)

省略从句的全部

You are getting slimmer. simmer 后省略了than you were before)

主句和从句中可同时省略一些成分。

The sooner (this is done), the better(it will be).

高二英语复习单元与章节的知识点归纳3

1. 一周两次 twice a week

2. 两倍那么多:twice as many as ,twice bigger than ,twice the size/length/width of

3. 一、两天 a day or two ,one or two days

4. 再两周时间 anther two weeks ,two more weeks

5. many a student has a book

6. 总而言之 in a word

7. 有能力做某事情 be able to do sth.,be capable of doing

8. 怎么样 what about doing…/how about doing

9. 当…即将要做某事情 be about to do sth…when…

10. 尤其是,最重要的是 above all

11. 缺席,不在 be absent from

12. 全神贯注于某事情 be absorbed in doing sth.

13. 主观接受:accept 客观接受(接受有形,有实物的东西) receive

14. 有权利做某事情 have access to sth.

15. 意外的 by accident=by chance

16. 交通事故 the traffic accident

17. 根据 according to

18. 考虑 take sth. into account

19. 因为,由于 on account of=because of 后面跟名词,不跟句子

20. 指责某人某事情 accuse sb of sth

指控某人某事情 charge sb with sth

钦佩某人某事情admire sb for sth

责备某人某事情 scold sb for sth ,blame sb for sth , sb be to blame for sth

21. be used to do sth. 被用来做某事情

used to do 过去常常做某事情

be/get used to doing sth 习惯于做某事情

22. 达到目标 achieve the goal

23. across 穿过,和on 有关,指从上面,上方穿过, through 穿过和in有关,从里面,内部穿过

walk across the street/bridge , walk through the forests

24. 担当,充当 act as , 执行 act on

25. 采取行动 take action /take measures to do sth

26. 在某方面积极 be active in… 积极参加 take an active part in=join in

27. adapt… to…适应, adopt sth/sb 领养某人,采纳某事情

28. 总计达 add up to=in all=come to , 增加,增添美景/难度add to the beauty/difficulty

把…加到…上add…to…

29. 除了…以外(还有…) in addition to=apart from=besides (看见also,else,other 选besides)

30. 足够的,适当的 adequate

31. 承认做某事情 admit doing sth , 否认做某事情 deny doing sth

32. 允许入内,被录取进入学校 be admitted into/to school

33. 预先,提前 in advance , ahead of time

34. 利用 take advantage of , make use of, by means of

35. advice, news , information 为不可数名词

36. 给某人忠告 give sb advice on sth , 听取某人的忠告 take one`s advice

37. affect 动词,影响 effect 名词,影响 对…有重大影响have a big effect on …

afford 动词,买得起,常跟在can,could,be able to后面

有足够的金钱做某事情 can afford sth/to do sth

38. be afraid of doing sth 害怕做某事情 ; be afraid to do sth 不敢做某事情

39. after all 毕竟,终究

40. in the morning ; on Sunday mornings

41. 以某人的年龄来说 for one`s age

42. 答应做某事情agree to do sth , 同意某人的观点agree with sb/what sb said

(气候,食物)的适合agree with the climate 对…意见一致agree on sth

43. alive 形容词,活着的,做表语,sb be alive 某人是活着的, a man alive 活着的人

catch sb alive 活捉某人

living 形容词,活着的,做定语,the living people 活着的人,

live 形容词,现场的 broadcast live 现场直播

lively 形容的,充满活力的,灵敏的

44. for all 尽管 , first of all 首先, above all 尤其重要的是, in all 总共, after all 毕竟,终究

all over the world 世界各地区, not …at all 一点也不

45. 允许某人做某事情 allow/permit doing sth , allow/permit sb doing sth ,

sb be allowed/permitted to do sth

46. 几乎不almost not=not nearly=hardly=scarcely

47. The man lives alone , but he doesn`t feel lonely.

48. 和…相处很好,进展很好 get along/on well with sb/sth

49. 颂读课文read aloud the text , 说出声音来 speak aloud

吵闹的,喧哗的loudly

50. 除…以外别无选择have no choice but to do sth

51. 老是做某事情be always doing sth

52. 对…惊讶 be amazed at , be surprised at, be astonished at

对…满意 be pleased with , be happy with , be satisfied with

对…愤怒 be angry about/at sth, be angry with sb for sth

对…严厉 be strict with sb in sth , be hard on sb

对…担心 be worried about , be anxious about

对…感到惭愧 be shamed of sth, be shy of sth

渴望做某事情 be eager to do sth , be anxious to do sth

渴望得到某物 long for sth , hope for sth , be dying for sth , be anxious for sth

53. 修饰不可数名词: a large amount of , a great deal of , a large sum of , a little , little

修饰可数名词: a great number of , few , a few , several

两者皆可修饰:a lot of , lots of , plenty of ,the number of (…的数量)

54. 每年的,年刊annual

55. 一个接一个one after another

56. 接电话answer the call , 回信 answer the letter/reply to the letter/write to sb

对…负责answer for =be responsible for

57. 任何的一家书店 any bookstore

58. anyway 无论怎么样 anyhow 不管怎么说

59. 为某事情向某人道歉 apologize to sb for sth

60. 吸引appeal to sb = attract sb =sth catch one`s eye

61. appear to do sth , appear to be doing sth , appear to have done sth

It seems/seemed that… There seems/seemed to be…

62. 从外表判断judge from /by one’s appearance

63. 向某人申请… apply to sb for sth , 把…应用于/涂在…上apply…to…

64. 欣赏/感激做某事情appreciate doing sth , 如果…我会不胜感激 I would appreciate it if…

65. 和某人就某事情争吵 argue with sb about sth

66. look around 环顾, show sb around 带领某人参观

67. 安排某人做某事情 arrange for sb to do sth

68. arrive at +小地点(airport) , arrive in +大地点(Shanghai), arrive home, arrive late

69. 一件工艺品a work of art

70. 假花artificial flower , 假牙false teeth

71. as he is a teacher =teacher as he is, as he is young=young as he is (as解释为虽然=though)

as he grows up 随着年龄的长大 , as we all know 众所周知

as+形容词+as 和…一样 ,not so+形容词+as 和…不一样

as far as I know 就我所知 ,as long as 只要

as well as 也

72. ask after sb 问候某人 , ask for sb 请求某人 , ask for help 请求帮忙

73. fall asleep 入睡 , go to bed _睡觉 , go to sleep 入眠 , feel sleepy 感觉瞌睡的

74. 把…和…联想在一起be associated with sth

75. 我向你保证…I assure you that … , assure sb of sth 向某人保证…

76. 心脏病heart attack

77. 企图做某事情 make an attempt to do sth

78. 出席典礼attend the ceremony ,上学attend school

79. 注意… pay attention to sth/doing sth

80. a large/small audience 一大/小批听/观众 , 500个观众 an audience of five hundred

81. 可取得的,可采用的sth is available to sb

82. average 平均的:on average normal 正常的,通常指精神,体温正常:normal temperature

ordinary 普通的,指地位普通 ordinary people , ordinary medicine

usual 惯例的,通常的 as usual, the usual time ,at the usual place

regular有规律的 regular customer

common普遍的,大家所共同拥有的 common sense , common illness

83. 试图避免做某事情try to avoid doing sth

84. 意识到be aware of = realize

85. award 动词:授予,给予报酬, 名词:奖品 award sb sth=award sth to sb

reward n./v.报答,奖赏 reward sb with sth for sth

86. 凡是指婴儿和电话用语中都用it

87. 回顾历史look back into history

88. 对…是有害的 be bad for…/be harmful to…/do harm to

89. 非常需要… need/want/require sth badly

90. 保持生态平衡keep the balance of nature

91. 禁止某人做某事情 ban sb from doing sth=forbid sb to do sth

92. 以…为基础base…on, 忙于做某事情 be busy in doing sth , 被…覆盖be covered with

93. 在海滩上on the beach , 在农场里in the farm , 在操场at the playground

在田野里in the fields ,

94. 不能忍受某人做某事情can`t bear/stand doing sth ,

不能理解某事情can`t understand doing sth

95. 牢记…bear/keep sth in mind 动动脑筋use one`s brains

96. beat sb by 3:1以3:1击败某人, the heart beat 心脏跳动 , beat times打拍子

97. not…but… 不是…而是… not because…but because不是因为…而是因为…

98. 还要很长时间…It will be a long time before +句子(用一般现在时)

不久就…It won`t be a long time before+句子(用一般现在时)

自从…以来…It is/has been 5 years since+句子(用过去时)

99. 由…开始begin with , 在…一开始at the beginning of

100. behaviour n.行为,举止 , habit n.个人习惯 , manners n.礼貌 , customs n.风俗习惯

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