《英语语法常见错误》
好多同学在写完之后就置之不理,导致出现一些基本的语法错误,因此影响整篇文章的质量而被扣分。怎么办?小编在这里整理了相关知识,快来学习学习吧!
英语语法常见错误
1. 检查修饰语是否放在正确的位置上。
例1:
a) Without television, people can't get information which comes from other parts of the world immediately.
b) Without television, people can't immediately get information which comes from other parts of the world.
分析:a) 句子中,immediately 显然放错了位置。是“得到迅速从各地传来的消息”,还是“迅速得到从各地传来的消息”?意思含糊不清。
例2:
a) At the age of six, my father began to give me English lessons.
b) When I was five years old, my father began to give me English lessons.
分析:a) 句子,At the age of six 放在这个位置上,变成了“我父亲六岁的时候”。改变说法,可以解决这个问题。
例 3:
a) To improve one's writing skill, regular practice is necessary.
b) To improve one's writing skill, one must make regular practice.
分析:不定式短语的逻辑主语决不是regular practice,为了把逻辑关系表达清楚,要么把不定式短语改成If one wants to improve his writing skill,要么把主句改成one must make regular practice.
2.表示相同的意思,检查是否使用了平行语法结构。
例 4:
a) With the computer, one can do shopping, banking and read at home.
b) With the computer, one can do shopping, banking and reading at home.
分析:can do shopping, banking and read at home, 用语法平行结构来衡量,用动词原形 read是不妥的,为了和 do shopping, do banking 保持结构上平行,接下来的一个内容要用do reading.
例 5:
a) Nowadays, people not only eat enough food, but also eat better.
b) Nowadays, people not only eat more, but also eat better.
用 not only...but also, both...and, whether...or, either...or, as well as, along with等能连接两个成分的连词,前后两个成分在结构上要保持一致。用 eat enough food, eat better不如用 eat more, eat better,都用副词。
在限时、紧张的写作中,出现错误,尤其是语言上的错误是不可避免的。如果把这些错误留在那里,不得到改正,就会影响整篇文章的质量。阅卷人虽然不大会按你文章中语言错误的累计数目进行扣分,但错误,尤其是一些幼稚的错误,会给阅卷人员留下不好的印象,从而影响文章的分数。因此,文都教育的英语老师建议大家在写完之后务必要对自己的写作进行检查,修改基本语法错误。
被动语态知识点
被动语态由助动词be加及物动词的过去分词构成,助动词be有时态,人称和数的变化。被动语态的时态是由be的时态决定的,be是什么时态,全句就是什么时态,be动词后面的过去分词不变。
1、各种时态的被动语态结构如下:
一般现在时的被动语态:
主语+am / is / are (not)+过去分词
一般过去时的被动语态:
主语+was / were +过去分词
现在完成时的被动语态:
主语+have / has +been +过去分词
一般将来时的被动语态:
主语+will +be +过去分词
过去将来时的被动语态:
主语+would / should + be +过去分词
过去进行时的被动语态:
主语+was / were + being +过去分词
过去完成时的被动语态:
主语+had + been +过去分词
情态动词的被动语态:
情态动词+be+过去分词
2、被动语态的用法
(1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁,不用by+动作执行者短语。
Football is played widely all over the world。
全世界都广泛地踢足球。
(2)强调动作的承受者。
The bank was robbed yesterday afternoon。
昨天下午这家银行遭到抢劫。
(3)作客观说明时,常采用一种被动语态句型。
It is reported that about twenty children have died of flu in the USA。
据报道美国大约二十名儿童死于流感。
3、主动语态的句子变为被动语态的步骤
(1)把原句中的宾语变为主语
(2)动词改为被动形式,即be+过去分词
(3)原来的主语,如果需要的话,放在by后面;如果没必要,可省略。
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